国际经济与贸易学院知识库

一方面技术进步是中国经济发展的最重要源泉，而中国对外直接投资（OFDI）对中国的技术进步具有影响效应，这已在经济学界基本达成共识。另一方面随着经济发展和产业结构升级，第三产业已成为中国经济最主要构成部分，中国服务业OFDI快速发展也对自身技术进步产生了一定影响效应。当然服务业各行业OFDI发展对自身技术进步产生的影响效应不仅取决于发展速度，而且取决于各行业自身所具有的对OFDI逆向技术溢出的吸收能力。但是目前中国服务业各行业发展水平各不相同，对OFDI逆向技术溢出的吸收能力存在较大差异，从而导致其技术溢出效应各不相同，需要对其进行深度分析，以便为中国服务业各行业提升吸收能力和促进技术进步提供依据。

论文首先在文献综述的基础上分析了吸收能力影响OFDI逆向技术溢出效应的机制机理，围绕中国服务业OFDI的规模、结构、区域分布和服务业吸收能力现状分析了中国服务性OFDI逆向技术溢出的基础条件，并选取中国服务业2004-2018年面板数据，运用DEA-Malmquist生产指数法测算了服务业全要素劳动生产率（TFP）、运用L-P模型实证了中国服务业OFDI逆向技术溢出效应、运用Hausman法进行了相关性检验、运用门槛模型分析了吸收能力各代理变量的门槛特征。实证结果表明：（1）从总体看，服务业整体及其各行业TFP呈现逐步提升态势，且TFP提升起主导作用的是技术进步。（2）中国服务业利用OFDI渠道实现了逆向技术溢出效应，其中基于行业功能性分类的实证结果显示，生产性服务业和生活性服务业均产生了积极的逆向技术溢出效应，且前者比后者的效果更好。（3）吸收能力的各代理指标均具有单一门槛值，且当超过各自的门槛值时，吸收能力的各代理变量均可对服务业OFDI引发积极的逆向技术溢出效应。论文最后综合全文研究的结论，提出了增强服务业吸收能力，促进服务业OFDI逆向技术溢出效应提升的相关政策建议。

On the one hand,technological progress is the most important source of China's economic development,and China's foreign direct investment (OFDI) has an impact on China's technological progress,which has basi- cally reached a consensus in the economics community.On the other hand,with economic development and industrial structure upgrading,the tertiary industry has become the most important part of China's economy, and the rapid development of China's service industry OFDI has also had a certain impact on its own technological progress.Of course,the impact of OFDI development in various service industries on their own technological progress depends not only on the speed of development,but also on the ability of each industry to absorb.However,at present,the development levels of various industries in China's service industry are different,which results in different technology spillover effects.Provide a basis for improving absorptive capacity and promoting technological progress.

Based on the literature review,the dissertation firstly analyzes the mechanism of absorptive capacity affecting the reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI,and analyzes the the current situation based on the scale,structure,regional distribution,absorptive capacity of China's service industry OFDI.Based on the basic conditions,and select data of China's service industry from 2004 to 2018,use the DEA-Malmquist to measure the TFP,use the LP model to demonstrate the reverse technology spillover effect of China's service industry OFDI,and use the Hausman The correlation test was carried out by the method,and the threshold characteristics of each proxy variable of absorptive capacity were analyzed by using the threshold model.The results show that:(1) Overall,the TFP of the service industry as a whole and its various industries has shown a trend of gradual improvement,and the leading role of TFP improvement is technological progress.(2)China's service industry uses OFDI channels to achieve reverse technology spillover effects.The empirical results based on industry functional classification show that both producer services and consumer service industries have positive reverse technology spillover effects,and the former is stronger than the latter effect is better.(3) Each proxy indicator of absorptive capacity has a single threshold value,and when it exceeds the respective threshold value, each proxy variable of absorptive capacity can trigger a positive reverse technology spillover effect on OFDI in the related industry.At the end,based on the conclusions of the full text research,it puts forward relevant policy suggestions to enhance the absorptive capacity of the related industry and promote the reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI in the service industry.