国际经济与贸易学院知识库

  改革开放以来，我国经济始终保持着高增长、高速度的发展态势，但同时，经济高速增长的背后也带来了资源浪费及环境污染的负面效应，产业结构在经过长时间粗放型的发展之后逐渐显示出了问题，开始阻碍经济发展。因此加快产业结构升级，为经济发展寻求动力支撑成为当前经济工作迫在眉睫的任务。而高等教育在促进国家经济发展和社会进步，包括产业结构升级方面都有十分重要的地位和作用。本文从这一背景出发，试图分析高等教育发展对产业结构升级的影响。

  通过对现有文献研究成果的梳理，首先对本文研究中所涉及的核心概念进行了界定，阐述高等教育发展影响产业结构升级的作用机制。其次，分析高等教育发展和产业结构升级的现状，结合发展现状及前人研究构建高等教育发展综合评价指标体系，测算出我国31个省、市、自治区的高等教育发展水平和产业结构升级水平，并对其结果进行说明。接着，对高等教育发展与产业结构升级进行空间自相关分析，发现二者在空间上的分布并非是完全随机的，表现出集聚的特征。随后通过构建普通面板回归模型和空间计量模型进行实证分析，结果显示：我国高等教育发展能够显著促进产业结构升级。同时，为了解高等教育发展在不同区域间对产业结构升级的影响是否存在差异，本文进行了区域异质性分析，在利用普通面板回归模型时得到东部地区的回归系数大于中西部地区，说明高等教育发展对产业结构升级的促进作用在东部地区强于中西部地区；在采用空间计量模型之后，发现东部地区的高等教育发展依然能显著促进产业结构升级，但是在中西部地区高等教育发展对产业结构升级的影响不显著。最后，使用中介效应模型对高等教育发展影响产业结构升级的作用机制进行验证，说明我国高等教育发展能够通过中介变量技术创新间接影响产业结构升级。文章结尾结合研究结论及我国现实情况，提出相关对策建议。

  Since the reform and opening up, my country's economy has always maintained a high growth and high-speed development trend, but at the same time, the rapid economic growth has also brought negative effects of waste of resources and environmental pollution. The industrial structure has undergone extensive development for a long time. Gradually, problems emerged and began to hinder economic development. Therefore, speeding up the upgrading of the industrial structure and seeking dynamic support for economic development have become the urgent tasks of the current economic work. Higher education plays a very important role in promoting national economic development and social progress, including the upgrading of industrial structure. From this background, this paper attempts to analyze the impact of higher education development on the upgrading of industrial structure.

  By sorting out the existing literature research results, first of all, it defines the core concepts involved in this research, and expounds the mechanism of higher education development affecting industrial structure upgrading. Secondly, it analyzes the current situation of higher education development and industrial structure upgrading, builds a comprehensive evaluation index system for higher education development, calculates the higher education development level and industrial structure upgrading level of 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in my country, and explains the results. Then, the spatial autocorrelation analysis of the development of higher education and the upgrading of industrial structure is carried out, and it is found that the spatial distribution of the two is not completely random, showing the characteristics of agglomeration. Then through the construction of ordinary panel regression model and spatial econometric model for empirical analysis, the results show that the development of my country's higher education can significantly promote the upgrading of industrial structure. At the same time, in order to understand whether there are differences in the impact of higher education development on the upgrading of industrial structure between different regions, this paper conducts regional heterogeneity analysis. When using the ordinary panel regression model, the regression coefficient of the eastern region is greater than that of the central and western regions, indicating that higher education The promotion effect of education development on the upgrading of industrial structure is stronger in the eastern region than in the central and western regions; after using the spatial econometric model, it is found that the development of higher education in the eastern region can still significantly promote the upgrading of the industrial structure, but the development of higher education in the central and western regions has a significant impact on the industrial structure. The impact of structural upgrades is not significant. Finally, the mediation effect model is used to verify the mechanism of higher education development affecting industrial structure upgrading, which shows that my country's higher education development can indirectly affect industrial structure upgrading through the mediating variable technological innovation. At the end of the article, combined with the research conclusions and the reality of our country, put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.