统计与数据科学学院知识库

    生态保护不仅需要治理、修复已遭到破坏的生态环境，还需要预防人类经济活动行为对生态环境的破坏；高质量发展还需要以较低的资源耗费和环境成本来进行发展。良好的生态环境既是生产的基本要素之一，也是高质量发展的重要内容；高质量发展既可以为治理、修复生态环境提供资金和技术支持，还能从环境污染根源节能减排，防止人类经营活动破坏生态环境。在尊重自然、经济和社会发展规律的同时推动生态环境保护，就是在促进高质量发展。但是，生态环境遭受破坏的承载能力以及其生态资源蕴涵量是有限的，若不加以保护必然会限制高质量发展；经济发展需要消耗能源、排放污染物，必然会破坏生态环境，若不重视高质量发展将会对生态保护造成威胁，二者是辩证统一关系，既相互促进又相互制约。黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济地带，一直存在着生态环境脆弱和经济发展落后问题，因此研究黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的协同性，对于如何发挥二者相互促进作用十分重要。

    本文在对已有文献进行梳理、归纳、总结的基础上，得到了本文的研究内容、研究视角和研究方法。首先，基于文献梳理，从整体性、系统性和协同性三个方面阐述黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的协同性内涵；从生态保护对高质量发展的作用机制、高质量发展对生态保护的作用机制两个方面构建生态保护和高质量发展的协同作用机制框架，为后文定量分析提供理论依据。其次，基于理论依据，构建生态保护和高质量发展评价指标体系，对研究方法进行介绍，为后文实证分析提供基础。接着基于黄河流域9省区的数据，运用熵权-TOPSIS法、灰色关联度模型和协调指数测度黄河流域生态保护水平、高质量发展水平、二者关联度和协同度，根据测度结果对协同度进行时空特征分析和收敛分析。最后得出结论：黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展高度关联，二者相互促进，相互制约；总体上看2004-2019年黄河流域生态保护水平和高质量发展水平不高，存在明显的空间差异和阶段特征；各省份生态保护和高质量发展处在耦合度高、协同度低的低水平耦合阶段，发展不相协调，耦合度呈现“上游>中游>下游”的分布格局，协同度呈现“下游>中游>上游”的分布格局，协同性水平与高质量发展水平联系紧密；各省份生态保护和高质量发展的协同度水平虽有所差异，但整体呈收敛趋势，存在一定的协同度水平低的地区赶超协同度水平高的地区的趋势。由此，分别从上、中、下游和全流域视角，提出相关针对性政策建议。

     Ecological protection requires not only the governance and restoration of the destroyed ecological environment, but also the prevention of damage to the ecological environment by human economic activities; high-quality development requires less resource consumption and environmental costs to achieve development. A good ecological environment is not only one of the factors of production, but also an important part of high-quality development; high-quality development can not only provide financial and technical support for the governance and restoration of the ecological environment, but also save energy and reduce emissions from the source, and prevent economic activities from affecting the ecological environment. destroy. To promote ecological and environmental protection while respecting the laws of nature, economics, and society is to promote high-quality development. However, the carrying capacity of the damaged ecological environment and the amount of its ecological resources are limited. If it is not protected, it will inevitably limit high-quality development; economic development requires energy consumption and emission of pollutants, which will inevitably destroy the ecological environment. Quality development will pose a threat to ecological protection. The two are in a dialectical and unified relationship, which promotes and restricts each other. The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier and economic zone in my country. There have always been problems of fragile ecological environment and backward economic development. Therefore, studying the synergy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is very important for how to play the role of mutual promotion between the two.

        On the basis of combing, summarizing and summarizing the existing literature, this paper obtains the research content, research perspective and research method of this paper. First, based on the literature review, the synergy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin is expounded from three aspects: overall, systematic and synergistic; from the mechanism of ecological protection on high-quality development, the effect of high-quality development on ecological protection The two aspects of the mechanism of action build a synergistic mechanism framework for ecological protection and high-quality development, which provides a theoretical basis for the quantitative analysis in the following. Secondly, based on the theoretical basis, an evaluation index system for ecological protection and high-quality development is constructed, and the research methods are introduced to provide the basis for the subsequent empirical analysis. Then, based on the data of 9 provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin, the entropy weight-TOPSIS method, the grey correlation model and the coordination index are used to measure the ecological protection level, high-quality development level, the correlation degree and synergy degree of the Yellow River Basin. Perform spatiotemporal feature analysis and convergence analysis. Finally, it is concluded that the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin are highly related, and the two promote and restrict each other; in general, the level of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin from 2004 to 2019 is not high, and there are obvious spatial differences and Stage characteristics; ecological protection and high-quality development in each province are in a low-level coupling stage with high coupling degree and low coordination degree, and development is not coordinated. The coupling degree shows the distribution pattern of "upstream>midstream>downstream", and the synergy degree shows the distribution pattern of "downstream>midstream>upstream", and the level of synergy is closely related to the level of high-quality development; the degree of synergy between ecological protection and high-quality development in each province Although there are differences in the levels, the overall trend is convergence, and there is a tendency that regions with a low level of synergy catch up with regions with a high level of synergy. Therefore, relevant targeted policy recommendations are put forward from the perspectives of the upper, middle, lower reaches and the whole basin.