工商管理学院知识库

中小企业是我国经济参与体中企业数目最多，从业人员最多的一个群体，其发展使社会经济各层面的发展受到相应的影响；同时充当越来越重要的角色，国家也陆续出台多个旨在为中小企业发展提供支持的政策措施，提倡普惠金融、绿色金融，商业银行在中小企业信贷投放上，规模也是越来越大。但是中小企业因为自身规模较小，财务制度不完善，抗风险能力较差，和银行间存在诸多信息不对称现象，银行不能客观准确地判别信用方面的情况，于是增加了中小企业在信贷层面的风险，故如何有效地控制中小企业信贷风险，是当前商业银行所必须解决的一个重要课题。

本文以兰州银行中小企业信贷业务为研究对象，采用层次分析法对信用风险、操作风险和流动性风险进行综合评价，具体内容通过四个部分来进行。绪论阐述本研究的背景及意义，指出基于现阶段的经济发展形势，中小型企业信贷业务风险频出，如何有效地控制中小企业信贷风险迫在眉睫，并阐述了目前国内外研究管理中小企业信贷风险的情况，列出本研究的方法与具体思路。第二部分阐述本研究理论基础与概念；采取信息不对称、全面风险管理、信贷配给等诸多理论。第三部分以兰州银行针对中小企业开展信贷业务为研究对象，分析信用与流动性以及操作等层面的风险，论述风险管理的流程与步骤。第四部分为本文研究重点，构建了符合兰州银行中小企业特征与评价信贷风险类型与内容的指标体系，采取层次分析法为各指标配比权重，最后检验其一致性，客观综合性评价兰州银行中小企业信贷业务需面对的信用与流动性以及操作层面的风险。

本文建立的兰州银行中小企业评价信贷风险指标体系，科学有效地体现信贷风险的具体情境，运用层次分析法确定各指标的权重，并通过了一致性检验，说明采用层次分析法确定的指标权重是科学合理的。通过对兰州银行中小企业信贷业务面临的信用风险、操作风险和流动性风险进行综合评价，为兰州银行中小企业信贷风险控制提供了相应的控制策略和保障措施。

Among China's market economies, SMEs account for the highest proportion of the number of enterprises and the largest number of employees. Their development has affected the development of all levels of social economy accordingly. At the same time, the government has also introduced a number of policies and measures aimed at providing support for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and advocated inclusive finance and green finance. Commercial banks are also providing credit to small and medium-sized enterprises on an increasingly large scale. Because of its smaller, but the small and medium enterprises financial system is imperfect, anti-risk ability is poor, and there are many phenomenon of information asymmetry between Banks, Banks cannot objectively and accurately judging credit, then increase the risk of small and medium-sized enterprises in the credit level, therefore, how to effectively control the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises, is the current commercial Banks is an important subject that must be addressed.

Taking the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises of Lanzhou Bank as the research object, this paper adopts the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to comprehensively evaluate the credit risk, operational risk and liquidity risk. The specific content is carried out in four parts. The introduction expounds the background and significance of this study, it is pointed out that based on the present situation of economic development, small and medium-sized enterprise credit business risk, how to effectively control the small and medium-sized enterprise credit risk is imminent, and expounds the research management of small and medium-sized enterprise credit risk situation at home and abroad, lists the research method and concrete ideas. The second part elaborates the theoretical basis and concept of this research. Information asymmetry, total risk management, credit rationing and many other theories are adopted. The third part takes the credit business of Lanzhou Bank for small and medium-sized enterprises as the research object, analyzes the risks of credit, liquidity and operation, and discusses the process and steps of risk management. The fourth part is this article research, to build the features of small and medium-sized enterprises in lanzhou bank and credit risk type and content of evaluation index system, adopt the analytic hierarchy process for the index weight ratio, the final test its consistency, objective and comprehensive evaluation of lanzhou Banks must face the small and medium-sized enterprise credit business credit and liquidity risk and operational level.

The credit risk evaluation index system for small and medium-sized enterprises of Lanzhou Bank established in this paper scientifically and effectively reflects the specific situation of credit risk, and uses AHP to determine the weight of each index, and passes the consistency test, which shows that the index weight determined by AHP is scientific and reasonable. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the credit risk, operational risk and liquidity risk faced by the credit business of SMEs of Lanzhou Bank, the paper provides corresponding control strategies and safeguard measures for the credit risk control of SMEs of Lanzhou Bank.