MBA教育中心知识库

我国是一个人口大国又是一个农业大国，“农业、农村、农民”，即“三农”问题成为国家经济社会发展中必须要面对的一个现实问题。解决“三农”问题，离不开为“三农”提供金融服务的农村信用社，作为一个本土性、地方性、社区性的农村金融机构，农村信用社在金融政策上能够更加灵活自主，更好地适应“三农”工作、支持“三农”、服务“三农”，从而在践行普惠金融和实施“乡村振兴”战略方面发挥更加充分的作用。

作为县域农村金融机构，景泰县农村信用合作联社（以下简称景泰联社）一直秉承着“支农支小”、服务“三农”的宗旨，为景泰县域内农户发放了大量的农户贷款，有效地解决了当地农户种、养殖业和其他农业生产经营过程中资金需求难的问题，为景泰县地方金融经济发展起到了积极的推动作用。近年来，随着信贷资产规模不断扩大，农户贷款不良率逐年攀升，农户贷款信用风险问题日益凸显，主要表现在农户经济收入不稳定、对外部风险抵御能力较差、担保抵押物抵值率低、信用风险评价体系不完善等方面。

本文在对景泰联社农户贷款信用风险管理的研究过程中，通过对研究背景、相关概念、理论依据、农户贷款现状研究的阐述基础上，采用文献分析法、案例分析法、实地调查法、定性定量分析等研究方法，从农户自身、银行经营管理、外部经济环境三方面对景泰联社农户贷款信用风险成因进行了具体分析。据此提出建立科学的信用风险识别、评价、预警、内控、监测体系，强化贷前调查、贷时审查、贷后检查全面风险管理，提升和改善农户信用素养、信用体系建设、人才队伍建设、合规文化培育和信用风险管理，健全农业保险、财政风险补偿，信贷考核制度等的对策建议。

China is a country with a large population and a large agricultural country, "agriculture, rural , farmers", namely, "agriculture, rural and farmers problems" has become a national economic and social development must face a realistic problem. The solution to the problems of "agriculture, rural and farmers" cannot be separated from the rural credit cooperatives that provide financial services for "agriculture, rural and farmers". As a local, local and community-based rural financial institution, rural credit cooperatives can be more flexible and independent in financial policies, better adapt to the work of "agriculture, rural and farmers", support and serve "agriculture, rural and farmers". So as to play a more full role in the implementation of inclusive finance and the implementation of the "rural revitalization" strategy.

As county rural financial institutions, Jingtai County Rural Credit Cooperative Association (hereinafter referred to as JTRCA) has been adhering to the "agriculture", the purpose of the service "three rural", for farmers in Jingtai county issued a large number of peasant household loans, effectively solves the local farmers, aquaculture and other agricultural production and operation process, the difficulty of capital requirements, It has played an active role in promoting the development of local finance and economy in Jingtai County. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the scale of credit assets, the bad loan rate of farmers has been rising year by year, and the credit risk of farmers' loans has become increasingly prominent, mainly manifested in the unstable economic income of farmers, the poor ability to resist external risks, the low guarantee collateral value ratio, and the imperfect credit risk evaluation system.

In the research process of credit risk management of farmers' loans of JTRCA, based on the research background, relevant concepts, theoretical basis, and research status of farmers' loans, this paper adopts literature analysis, case analysis, field investigation, qualitative and quantitative analysis and other research methods. This paper analyzes the causes of credit risk of Jingtai Union farmers' loans from the perspectives of farmers themselves, bank operation and management and external economic environment. Put forward on the basis of set up scientific credit risk identification, evaluation and early warning, control and monitoring system, strengthening credit investigation, loan review, post-loan inspection before comprehensive risk management, promotion and improvement of peasant household credit quality, credit system construction, talent team construction, culture of compliance training and credit risk management, improve the agricultural insurance, financial risk compensation, the countermeasures and Suggestions of credit appraisal system and so on.