统计与数据科学学院知识库

  我国经济的快速增长带来了能源消费的持续攀升和环境污染问题，作为能源消费量全球第一的国家，我国经济增长、能源消费与环境保护三者之间的尖锐矛盾是制约当今经济绿色可持续发展的重要难题。制造业是我国实体经济发展的核心，但制造业具有能源消费体量大，污染物排放量高的特点，且制造业“大而不强，质量不高”的问题仍然突出。新时代下，迫切需要缓解我国能源供求矛盾和改善生态环境质量，而探究制造业能源消费与污染物排放之间的关系及其相互影响显得尤为重要。

  本文总结和归纳了国内外关于各行业能源消费、污染物排放测算方法及非竞争型投入产出模型来分析能源环境问题的现状，在此基础上，得出了本文研究方法、思路和内容。接着从投入产出理论、能源经济理论和环境污染理论视角分析能源、经济和环境之间的关系，为本文的实证研究提供理论基础。其次介绍了我国产业结构、制造业能源消费、制造业污染物排放的现状及存在的问题。再次利用2000-2014年世界投入产出表数据，加入制造业能源消费和大气污染两大模块，构建非竞争混合型投入产出表，运用相关的经济数学模型得到制造业能源的完全消费系数、大气污染物和二氧化碳排放的完全排放系数及煤炭影响力系数。最后得出结论：从总体上看，2000-2014年我国制造业能源消费量、制造业二氧化碳排放量和大气污染物排放量均呈逐年增长的趋势；制造业的节能减排效果非常显著，高技术制造业的节能减排效应最为明显，制造业能源消费结构正由煤炭、石油等化石能源向天然气、电力等清洁能源转换；制造业产业结构调整对大气污染物减排几乎没有贡献；煤炭消费仍是制造业各行业大气污染物和温室气体排放的主因，对煤炭消费有显著影响的行业主要集中于中低技术制造业和中高技术制造业行业，值得重点关注并对工艺进行升级。本文基于制造业产业结构和能源消费两个方面，对治理污染物排放得到了两点启示。

    The rapid growth of my country’s economy has brought about a continuous increase in energy consumption and environmental pollution. As the world’s largest energy consumption country, the sharp contradiction between my country’s economic growth, energy consumption and environmental protection restricts the green economy of today’s economy. An important problem for sustainable development. Manufacturing is the core of the development of my country’s real economy. However, the problem of “large but not strong, low quality” of manufacturing is still prominent, and manufacturing is an industry with high energy consumption and high pollution emissions. If China wants to become an “economic power” To move towards an "economic power", we must follow the path of high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry. In this context, studying the relationship between energy consumption and pollutant emissions in the manufacturing industry is very important for promoting stable economic growth, alleviating the contradiction between energy supply and demand, and improving the quality of the ecological environment.

   This article summarizes and summarizes the current situation of energy consumption, pollutant emission measurement methods and non-competitive input-output methods to analyze energy environmental issues at home and abroad. On this basis, the research methods, research ideas and research ideas of this article are derived. research content. Then this article analyzes the relationship between energy, economy and environment from the perspective of input-output theory, energy economic theory and environmental pollution theory, and provides a theoretical basis for the empirical research of this article. Secondly, it introduces the current situation and existing problems of my country's industrial structure, manufacturing energy consumption, and manufacturing pollutant emissions. Using the data from the 2000-2014 world input-output table of my country’s manufacturing input-output table again, introduce manufacturing energy consumption and air pollution modules, construct a non-competitive mixed input-output table, and use relevant economic mathematical models to obtain manufacturing The complete energy consumption coefficient and the complete emission coefficient of air pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions and the coal influence coefficient. Finally, it is concluded that, on the whole, my country's total energy consumption, manufacturing energy consumption, manufacturing carbon dioxide and air pollutant emissions from 2000 to 2014 have shown a trend of increasing year by year; The energy-saving and emission-reduction effects of the manufacturing industry are very significant. The energy-saving and emission reduction effects of the high-tech manufacturing industry are the most obvious, and the energy consumption of the manufacturing industry is changing from fossil energy such as coal and oil to clean energy such as natural gas and electricity; The contribution of the adjustment of the manufacturing industry structure to the reduction of greenhouse gases and air pollutants is not obvious; coal consumption is still the main cause of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions in various manufacturing industries, and the industries that have a significant impact on coal consumption are mainly concentrated in The low- and medium-tech manufacturing industries and the medium- and high-tech manufacturing industries are worthy of attention and process upgrades. Based on the two aspects of manufacturing industry structure and energy consumption, this article has gained two enlightenments for the treatment of pollutant emissions.