经济学院知识库

“一带一路”倡议为西部地区带来了空前的发展机遇，西部地区获得了发展外向型经济的机会。目前西部地区经济发展水平较低，与中部、东部区域存在较大发展差距，且西部地区内部各省份之间差距明显，日益趋紧的生态约束对西部地区经济发展也提出了更高的要求。推动产业的外向型发展是提高经济水平、缩小区域差距、打造经济发展新格局的重要途径之一。

西部地区省份众多，因资源禀赋、技术水平等因素的差异，各省份的优势行业也各不相同，而优势行业在当地具有一定的比较优势和竞争优势。近年来西部地区与“一带一路”沿线国家的贸易总量不断提高，形成了较为稳定的商品贸易结构，出口商品中以机电类产品、轻纺工业类产品为主，进口商品以机电设备、矿物燃料为主，立足商品进出口现状推动产业的外向型发展是本文研究的出发点之一。同时西部各省份和“一带一路”沿线国家存在不同的经济关系，根据它们之间存在的竞争或互补性关系，采取不同合作的方式和策略，从而提高对外开放效率。本文首先从西部地区的实际情况出发，从西部地区面向“一带一路”沿线国家市场的进出口总额、合作方式、商品附加值、设施联通度等方面分析了西部地区产业外向型发展的现状，从促进经济增长、缩小区域发展差距对动力因素进行分析。其次利用区位熵分析了西部各省份三次产业下的优势行业；再次通过对西部地区与“一带一路”沿线国家进出口商品现状判断外向型发展的产业，通过对不同行业下“一带一路”沿线国家对中国的进出口现状明确西部地区产业外向型发展合作的国家；另外利用欧式距离判别西部各省份与这些国家的经济关系，明确西部地区与这些国家存在的竞争性或者互补性；最后提出推动西部地区产业外向型发展相关对策建议。

The "One Belt, One Road" initiative has brought unprecedented development opportunities to the western region, and the western region has obtained the opportunity to develop an export-oriented economy. At present, the economic development level of the western region is relatively low, and there is a large development gap with the central and eastern regions, and the gap between the provinces in the western region is obvious. The increasingly tight ecological constraints also put forward higher requirements for the economic development of the western region. Promoting the export-oriented development of industry is one of the important ways to improve the economic level, narrow the regional gap and create a new pattern of economic development.

There are many provinces in western China. Due to the differences in resource endowment, technology level and other factors, the advantageous industries of each province are also different, and the advantageous industries have certain comparative advantages and competitive advantages in the local area. In recent years, the total volume of trade between the western region and countries along the “Belt and Road” has continued to increase, forming a relatively stable commodity trade structure. The export commodities are mainly mechanical and electrical products and light textile industrial products, while the import commodities are mainly mechanical and electrical equipment and mineral fuels. Based on the current situation of import and export of commodities to promote the export-oriented development of the industry is one of the starting points of this study. At the same time, the western provinces and the countries along the “Belt and Road” have different economic relations. According to the competition or complementarity between them, different cooperation methods and strategies are adopted to improve the efficiency of opening up. Starting from the actual situation in the western region, this article analyzes the status quo of export-oriented industrial development in the western region from the perspectives of the total import and export volume, cooperation methods, added value of goods, and facility connectivity of the western region to the countries along the “Belt and Road”, and this article analyzes the driving factors from promoting economic growth and narrowing the regional development gap.

Secondly, this article uses location entropy to analyze the advantageous industries under the three industries in the western provinces; Once again, this article judges the export-oriented industries through the status quo of import and export commodities in the western region and the countries along the “Belt and Road”, and clarifies the export-oriented development cooperation of industries in the western region through the status of imports and exports of countries along the “Belt and Road” to China in different industries. In addition, this paper uses Euclidean distance to distinguish the economic relations between the western provinces and these countries, and clarifies the competitiveness or complementarity between the western region and these countries. Finally it puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions to promote the export-oriented development of industries in the western region.