金融学院知识库

随着老龄化趋势日益严峻，改革开放初期庞大的人口红利已经成为加剧老龄化趋势的砝码，加之先前计划生育政策的实施，新增劳动人口的增长率走低，“现收现付”的养老基金面临偿付能力风险。保障老年人口基本生活支出对维护社会安定发展至关重要。2014年，我国的城乡居民基本养老保险制度正式并轨，甘肃省政府因地制宜，贯彻落实制度细节。该制度实施至今，依旧存在一些问题。虽然2015年国家逐步放开了基本养老保险基金投资办法，但是对投资的限制十分多。目前甘肃省应建立更加完善的投资法规，提升基金发放待遇，提升基金偿付能力。

本文以国内外研究文献为基础，结合甘肃省经济发展现状进行分析。首先，介绍了选题意义与研究方法，分析了国内外研究综述，解释了本文涉及到的理论概念，并以本文论述内容为基础加以拓展；其次，全面梳理了甘肃省城乡居民基本养老保险制度发展历程，列举了基金支付数据和保险参保人数的数据，并对其进行分析；再次，提出了甘肃省城乡居民基本养老保险现存问题。有老龄化形势加剧、基金筹集制度不完善、领取待遇低、基金存在偿付能力风险和基金监管政策不健全等问题；最后，结合问题提出了一系列政策性建议。政府要合理应对现今的老龄化趋势、增强基金筹资水平、提升基金偿付能力和提高基金监管水平。

通过本文的分析，甘肃省城乡居民基本养老保险基金短期内可以实现安全支付，但是支付待遇偏低，难以保障老年居民基本生活支出。长期来看，基金存在偿付能力风险，不利于基金可持续发展。甘肃省政府亟需增强基金筹资水平，提升基金偿付能力，提升基金运作的效率，加强基金监管。对所发现问题的整改与升级是实现甘肃省城乡居民基本养老保险良性发展的必由之路。

With the increasingly severe the problem of aging, those people who bring a demographic dividend at the beginning of the reform and opening now give rise to a huge aging population. In addition, due to the family planning , the growth rate of new labor population continued a downtrend, and the "pay as you go" endowment funds face solvency risks. Ensuring the basic living expenses of the elderly is vital to maintaining social stability and development. The State Council merged the social endowment insurance for urban residents and the new rural social endowment insurance into a basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in 2014. In the light of local conditions, Gansu Province works to implement. Since the implementation of the system, some problems have been exposed. Although China gradually liberalized the investment methods of basic endowment insurance funds in 2015, but involve many restrictions. Currently, the policy needs to be further improved to enhance the solvency of the fund.

Based on domestic and foreign research literature, this article analyzes the current economic development of Gansu. Firstly, it introduces the meaning and research methods of the topic, analyzes the research summary at home and abroad, explains the theoretical concepts involved in this article, and expands it based on the content of this article; secondly, it explains the theoretical concepts involved in this article, and expands it with the content of this article; comprehensively combs the development process of the basic endowment insurance system for urban and rural residents in Gansu Province, enumerates and analyzes the fund payment and The current status of the number of insured persons; Thirdly, it raises the problems of intensified aging of the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Gansu Province, imperfect fund raising system, low pay, fund solvency risks and imperfect regulatory policies; finally it puts forward a reasonable response based on the problems policy recommendations for aging, enhancing financing, improving solvency, and improving supervision.

Through the analysis of this article, the basic endowment insurance fund for urban and rural residents in Gansu Province can achieve safe payment in the short term, but the payment treatment is not high, and it is difficult to guarantee the basic living expenses of elderly residents. In the long run, the fund has solvency risks, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the fund. The Gansu Provincial Government urgently needs to expand fund revenue, improve solvency, improve investment operation efficiency, and strengthen fund supervision. the rectification and upgrading of the problems found is the only way to realize the sound development of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in Gansu Province.