经济学院知识库

  作为生态地位突出的战略要地和我国西部典型的欠发达地区，甘肃省可持续发展面临生态环境退化与经济增长乏力的双重困境，生态环境与经济发展的矛盾十分突出。贯彻绿色经济发展理念，转变发展模式，推动生态环境与经济协调发展，对于新时期甘肃破除路径依赖，实现高质量发展具有重要意义。

  本研究以实现生态环境与经济协调发展为目标，研究内容主要从以下几方面展开，首先，对甘肃生态环境与经济发展现状进行分析，梳理出生态环境与经济发展过程中存在的主要问题，为后文分析提供现实依据；其次，构建生态与经济两大系统的综合评价指标体系，并运用熵值法、耦合协调度模型，测度了甘肃12个地级市2004-2018年生态环境与经济协调发展水平，并对二者协调发展水平进行了时序和空间分析；然后，利用面板Tobit模型对二者协调发展水平的影响因素进行实证分析；最后，基于生态环境与经济发展现状，并根据实证分析结果，提出推动生态环境与经济协调发展的针对性建议。研究结果表明：

  （1）从时序变化来看，2004-2018年，甘肃生态环境与经济协调发展水平经历了波动较快增长、持续快速增长和平稳缓慢增长三个发展阶段，生态环境与经济发展关系逐渐由失调转为协调。环境与经济相对发展类型逐渐由经济滞后型转为环境滞后型，二者发展水平逐步接近。近年来，生态与经济系统发展趋缓，生态环境与经济协调发展正面临瓶颈。（2）从空间分异来看，甘肃各地区生态环境与经济协调发展水平呈现东中西分异规律，西部和中部地区较高，东部地区较低。但随时间推移，各地协调度水平差距逐渐缩小，东中西分异规律不断弱化，东部地区协调发展水平格局逐渐由整体偏低转为高低交错分布。（3）从生态环境与经济协调发展的影响因素来看，二者的协调发展是多种因素综合作用的结果。产业生态化、产业结构、技术创新、环境规制、对外开放、政府调控等都在不同程度上对生态环境与经济的协调发展产生促进作用。（4）基于生态环境与经济发展过程中存在的问题和实证分析结果，指出甘肃应该从依托资源环境优势发展生态产业，加快产业结构升级以培育新动能，加强政府调控和规制，推动科技创新，扩大对外开放等方面多措并举，推动生态环境与经济协调发展，破解当前发展困局。

    As a strategic location with an outstanding ecological status and a representative underdeveloped district in western my country, the sustainable development of Gansu is confronted with the dual dilemma of ecology degradation and feeble economic growth, and there is an obvious conflict that exist between ecological environment and economy. Taking the green economy as guidance, converting the growth model, and making the relationgship of ecological environment and economy turn to harmonized are of great significance for Gansu to eliminate path dependence and achieve high-quality development in the new era.

    This research aims to make ecological environment assort with economy. The research content mainly focuses on the following aspects. First, make an assay of the existing condition of Gansu's environment and economy, conclude the main difficulties in the course of development of ecological environment and economy, and proffer a practical support for the subsequent analysis; secondly, establish a compositive maluation index system for the two major ecological and economic systems. And using the entropy method and the coupling harmonious degree model, the harmonized development degree of the ecological environment and the economy of 12 prefecture-level cities in Gansu from 2004 to 2018 was measured, and the harmonized development degree of the two system was analyzed in time series and space; then, Utilizing the panel Tobit model to emprically quest the factors that impact the degree of harmonized development of the two; finally, based on the current circumstances of the ecology and economy, and based on the results of the experimental study, some targeted advices that boost the harmonized development of the ecology and the economy were brought forth. Research indicates:

    (1) From the perspective of time series changes, from 2004 to 2018, the degree of harmonized development of the two system in Gansu has underwent three phases: rapid volatility growth, sustained rapid growth, and steady and slow growth. The connection between the ecology and economy has gradually changed from imbalance turned into harmony. The relative development style of environment and economy has changed from economy laggard style to environment laggard style by degree, and the growth discrepancy between the two is increasingly dwindling. Currently, the growth of the ecosystem and the economy has retarded, and the harmonized development of the ecology and the economy is facing a bottleneck. (2) From the perspective of spatial distinction, the harmonized development standard of ecology and economy in diverse districts of Gansu shows a law of distribution between east, middle and west, with higher standard in the west and midst, and inferior standard in the east. However, with the passage of time, the gap in the degree of harmony among various districts has progressively narrowed, the law of distribution between east, middle and west has been weakened, and the harmonized degree in the east has progressively changed from a low overall degree to a staggered distribution. (3) In the aspect of the factors impacting the harmonized development of the ecological environment and the economy, many factors commonly make the the the two system change into harmony. There are many aspects that include industrial ecologicalization, industrial structure, technological innovation, environmental regulation, government regulation and opening to the outside world, etc., they have facilitated the harmonized development of the ecological environment and the economy in various degrees. (4)According to the existing difficulties in the development process of ecology and economy and the results of experimental study, it is pointed out that Gansu should rely on the superiorities of resources and environment to foster ecological industries, start from optimizing industrial structure to cultivate new kinetic energy, strengthening government adjustment and regulation, motivating technological invention, and expanding opening to the outside world, simultaneously applying various measures to motivate the harmonized development of the ecological environment and the economy, and to solve the current growth morass.