经济学院知识库

    黄河流域是我国重要的经济区和文化发源地，上中下游各区域拥有独特的经济和自然条件，其中黄河中游区域更是对整个黄河流域有重要的影响。从自然条件来看，黄河中游区域作为黄河流域上下游衔接处的较发达地区，起到承下启上的作用。从资源禀赋来看，黄河中游区域是我国重要的农产品和能源生产基地，原煤产量占全国总产量的40%以上，是黄土高原经济的核心区域。但是由于黄河中游大多区域是侵蚀地貌、降水集中、暴雨频发、长期依赖粗放式增长，造成该区域水资源不足、水土流失和污染严重等问题。要解决上述问题，黄河中游区域需要坚持经济发展与环境保护相互协调，开创绿色可持续发展新格局。

    习近平总书记强调黄河流域应抓好大保护，推进大治理。现阶段统筹发展黄河中游区域要遵循生态优先、动能转换、区域开放、协调发展、以人为中心五个原则。因此，结合黄河中游特征本文以五大发展理念为基设计指标体系，通过主成分分析法测度其发展水平，并实证研究影响因素得出：黄河中游区域生态保护与高质量发展水平有所提升，但该区域环境脆弱，需要依托绿色发展理念，完善政策和制度的设计，转变发展理念，提高企业内生能力和区域自主创新能力。

    The Yellow River Basin is an important economic zone and ecological barrier in China. The upper, middle and lower reaches of the region have obvious regional characteristics. Among them, the middle reaches of the Yellow River has an important impact on the whole Yellow River Basin. From the perspective of natural conditions, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, as a relatively developed area at the intersection of the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River, plays a connecting role. From the perspective of resource endowment, the middle reaches of the Yellow River is an important agricultural and energy production base in China. The output of raw coal accounts for more than 40% of the total output of the country, and it is the core area of the Loess Plateau economy. However, due to terrain erosion, concentrated precipitation, frequent rainstorm and long-term extensive growth in most areas of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, water resources shortage, soil erosion, serious pollution and other problems have been caused. To solve the above problems, the middle reaches of the Yellow River need to adhere to the coordination of economic development and environmental protection, and create a new pattern of green and sustainable development.

    General secretary Xi Jinping stressed the need to protect and promote the development of the the Yellow River river basin at the Symposium on ecological protection and high quality development in the the Yellow River River Basin. At present, the overall development of the middle reaches of the Yellow River should follow the five principles of ecological priority, kinetic energy conversion, regional opening, coordinated development and people-oriented. Therefore, combined with the characteristics of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, this paper designs an index system based on five development concepts, measures its development level by using the principal component analysis method, and makes an empirical study on its influencing factors. It is considered that the ecological protection and high-quality development level of the middle reaches of the Yellow River have been improved, but the environment is fragile, so it is necessary to improve the system design and foundation on the basis of green development In order to improve the endogenous ability of enterprises and regional independent innovation ability, it is necessary to change the concept of development.