国际经济与贸易学院知识库

“一带一路”倡议和人民币国际化的不断推进，为中国商业银行带来了难得的发展机遇。中国商业银行国际化不仅可以服务于其他企业，引领其他企业走出去，还能开拓银行竞争的新领域，增加经营利润。中国银行是中国国际化程度最高的商业银行，但是与世界先进商业银行相比仍有一定差距。然而，一个企业要想不断壮大，必须学习国际先进经验，提升自身在境外的经营水平。因此，有必要研究中国银行的国际化现状以及国际化程度对经营绩效的影响。通过研究，有助于中国银行的国际化发展，同时也对其他商业银行有着重要的借鉴意义。

首先，本文整理了有关国际化和经营绩效的研究成果，总结相关理论知识。其次，以中国银行为研究对象，分析其国际化的动因、发展路径和区位分布等国际化现状，进一步剖析了现阶段存在的问题，具体包括境外分布区位拓展，但主要集中在港澳地区；业务范围扩大，但业务多元化不足；经营方式相对落后，风险防范有待加强；国际化经营人才匮乏，人才培养机制有待完善。再次，在国际化对经营绩效影响的理论分析基础上，利用因子分析法全面度量经营绩效，并利用所得数据进行回归，研究国际化程度对经营绩效的影响。结果表明，中国银行境外资产占比虽然与经营绩效正相关，但是其影响具有滞后性，境外利润占比与经营绩效负相关，说明中国银行国际化业务还不完善，且境外机构扩张未出现明显的规模经济，中国银行的国际化发展还处于初级阶段，未能有力的促进经营绩效的提升。最后，本文为提升中国银行的国际化经营绩效提出对策，要以跨境并购为主，理性选择境外区位；注重国际化经营人才培养，提高服务质量；加大金融创新力度，实现业务多元化；增强风险防范意识，健全风险管理机制。

The “Belt and Road” initiative and the continuous advancement of RMB internationalization have brought rare development opportunities for Chinese commercial banks. The internationalization of Chinese commercial banks can not only serve other companies and lead them to go global, but also open up new areas of bank competition and increase operating profits. The Bank of China is the commercial bank with the highest degree of internationalization in China, but it still has a certain gap compared with the world's advanced commercial banks. However, if an enterprise wants to continue to grow, it must learn advanced international experience and improve its overseas operations. Therefore, it is necessary to study the current status of the internationalization of the Bank of China and the impact of the degree of internationalization on operating performance. Through research, it is helpful to the international development of Bank of China, and it also has important reference significance for other commercial banks.

First of all, this article collates the research results on internationalization and business performance, and summarizes relevant theoretical knowledge. Secondly, taking the Bank of China as the research object, it analyzes its internationalization motivation, development path and location distribution, and further analyzes the existing problems at this stage, including the expansion of overseas distribution locations, but mainly concentrated in Hong Kong and Macau; business; The scope is expanded, but the business diversification is insufficient; the operation method is relatively backward, and the risk prevention needs to be strengthened; the international operation talent is scarce, and the talent training mechanism needs to be improved. Third, based on the theoretical analysis of the impact of internationalization on business performance, factor analysis is used to comprehensively measure business performance, and the data obtained are used for regression to study the impact of internationalization on business performance. The results show that although the proportion of overseas assets of Bank of China is positively correlated with operating performance, its impact is lagging. The proportion of overseas profits is negatively correlated with operating performance, indicating that Bank of China’s international business is not yet complete, and the expansion of overseas institutions has not been significant. With economies of scale, the Bank of China’s international development is still in its infancy, and it has not been able to effectively promote the improvement of operating performance. Finally, this article proposes countermeasures to improve the performance of the Bank of China’s international operations, focusing on cross-border mergers and acquisitions, rationally choosing overseas locations; focusing on the training of international management talents, improving service quality; intensifying financial innovation and achieving business diversification; Strengthen the awareness of risk prevention and improve the risk management mechanism.