工商管理学院知识库

  我国建筑施工类企业员工数量众多，作业环境复杂，他们的身心健康和生命安全涉及众多家庭，是社会普遍关注的问题。在国家应急管理部的统计报告中，建筑施工产业的事故总量已连续十年位居第一，劳动强度大、作业环境危险因素多等给该行业从业人员造成极大心理压力。进入“十四五”时期，人们对美好生活的追求日益增长。长期处于高压作业环境中的建筑企业一线员工逐渐提高的心理期望和原有工作常态的矛盾凸显，是否会对他们的工作绩效产生影响？本研究旨在探究建筑企业一线员工的工作压力现状以及工作压力对工作绩效的影响机制，以期为企业管理者提供新的管控视角与启示，并对研究对象的工作压力认知调适起到一定帮助。

  本研究以建筑产业高集中地区——河南省建筑企业的一线员工为研究对象，引入心理资本作为中介变量，构建了“工作压力——心理资本——工作绩效”的研究模型，通过两次对研究对象的调研收集到有效问卷586份。并利用SPSS23.0进行样本数据处理，分析了工作压力、心理资本、工作绩效间的影响关系。

  经验证，建筑企业一线员工受到不同维度的工作压力刺激后，对其工作绩效的影响有差异。心理资本在工作压力和工作绩效之间起到中介作用，它从整体上降低了工作压力对工作绩效的负向影响。其中，心理资本可以弱化工作特征压力和工作无奈感对工作绩效产生的负面影响，强化组织管理压力对工作绩效产生的正向影响。并且，心理资本在工作压力与任务绩效间产生的中介作用要强于在工作压力与情景绩效间产生的中介作用。基于此，企业管理者应规范作业环境的安全管理；加强组织管理，树立对员工的人文关怀意识，增加工作资源的丰富性；积极引导员工获得高心理资本水平。员工自身应系统学习安全生产知识，锻炼自我控制资源恢复能力，并用积极的视角适应工作环境变化。

    There are a mass of hireling in China's building companies, and this job environment is intricacy. Their someatic and psychic fitness and sureness refer to numerous households, which is a jointly focus of the public. In the dataly statements of the domestic exigency regulation dept, the outright count of misadventure in the building companies has been placing No.1 for a decade. The high labour stress and dozens jeopardy elements in the operational millieu have generate splendid allopsychic mpa to the laborer in the vocation. In the epoch of the 14th five-year plan, human beings chase of a superior mass is enhancive. The contrainess dia the ascengding interior anticipate biogenic groovy job of the front-line employees of buildings enterprises in the high-mpa working circumstances for a chron is prominent. Will it have an infection on their work performance? The goal of this research is to hunting the hodiernal situation of work pressure of front-line employees in construction enterprises and the repercussions mechanism of work pressure on work performance, soas to render neo govern and control perspective and Enlightenment for enterprise managers, and to help the research object's cognitive adjustment of work stress.

    In line with the doctrine of positive fabric deeds and self-control dispute, the investigate takes the front-line employees of building companies in Henan Province, high concentration district of construction industry, as the investigate object, referrals psychological pricipal as the brokering var, and make the investigate model of three varieties. By means of 2 probes, 586 resultful questionnaires are compilinged. SPSS23.0 was applyed to assay the connections among job hearts, psychological pricipal and job performance.

    It is confirmed by the investigate that the front-line employees of construction enterprises are stimulated by different dimensions of working srtess, and the elements on their job performance is impatity; psychological capital has a intermediate affect, and it able to depressing the negative infection of working stress on job performance. Due to this, the enterprise managers should standardize the safety management of the operative surroundings, intensify the corporations regulation, establish the humanistic care consciousness for the employees, increase the richness of working resources, and vigorously channel the clerks to acquire a high standard of psy-capital. Employees should unabridgedly learn about the intellectual of security production, cultivate the consciousness of self-control resources recovery, and adapt to the changes of working environment with positive psychology.