摘  要
党的十九大报告中首次提出乡村振兴的概念，并提出“三农”问题是关系国计民生的根本性问题。只有各地区相互合作，才能实现乡村全面振兴，西部地区在我国经济发展中占据重要比重，其经济发展关系到全国经济发展结构。然而，西部地区由于其地理环境等的制约，使得农村信用体系在信用信息收集等方面存在困难，致使其经济发展水平与农村居民生活质量方面相对滞后。2009年中国人民银行印发了《关于推进农村信用体系建设工作的指导意见》，明确了农村信用体系建设的主要内容与基本原则，农村信用体系作为农村金融的重要基础设施，对金融高质量服务乡村振兴发挥着关键作用。2025年中央一号文件提出要深入推进农村信用体系建设，加强涉农信用信息归集与共享，实现农民增收入、农业增效益、农村增活力的目标。基于西部地区的战略地位与发展潜力，研究西部地区农村信用体系建设与乡村振兴的关系，有助于实现我国乡村全面振兴。
基于以上背景，通过参考其他学者的研究内容，本文着重研究西部地区农村信用体系建设对乡村振兴的影响。本文首先围绕农村信用体系建设和乡村振兴进行理论分析，探索二者的作用机制；其次本文基于2010-2022年西部地区12个省的面板数据分别构建农村信用体系建设和乡村振兴的指标体系，并采用熵权法进行综合指标测度，进而研究农村信用体系建设对乡村振兴的影响。结果表明：一、 农村信用体系建设对西部地区乡村振兴具有促进作用，并且农村信用体系建设的子维度对乡村振兴同样具有不同的影响；二、将西部地区分为西南和西北进行区域异质性检验，实证结果表明，西北地区的农村信用体系建设对乡村振兴促进作用最大；三、由于指标选取的遗漏问题以及反向因果的问题，利用工具变量，解决内生性问题，发现与前文的回归结果一致；四、本文通过选取农村金融效率作为指标，进行调节效应分析，结果显示农村金融效率对农村信用体系建设促进乡村振兴具有正向调节作用。最后，根据以上理论与实证分析，得出结论并从信用信息体系、信用组织体系、信用监管体系、信用环境体系、信用制度体系建设五个方面提出合理建议。

关键词：乡村振兴 农村信用体系 西部地区 农村金融

Abstract
The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China first proposed the concept of rural revitalization and emphasized that issues related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers are fundamental to the national economy and people's livelihood. To achieve rural revitalization, it is necessary for various regions to cooperate with each other. Western China plays a significant role in China's economic development, and its economic progress is crucial to the national economic development structure. However, due to geographical and other constraints, the western region lags behind in terms of economic development level and the quality of life of rural residents. In 2009, the People's Bank of China issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Rural Credit Systems," which clarified the main content and basic principles of rural credit system construction. The rural credit system is an important infrastructure for rural finance and plays a key role in providing high-quality financial services for rural revitalization. The No. 1 Central Document of 2025 proposed to further promote the construction of rural credit systems, strengthen the collection and sharing of agriculture-related credit information, and achieve the goals of increasing farmers' incomes, enhancing agricultural efficiency, and vitalizing rural areas. Based on the strategic position and development potential of the western region, studying the relationship between the construction of rural credit systems in the western region and rural revitalization is conducive to achieving comprehensive rural revitalization in China.
Based on the above context and referencing the research of other scholars, this paper focuses on the impact of rural credit system construction on rural revitalization in the western region. Firstly, it conducts a theoretical analysis around rural credit system construction and rural revitalization, exploring the mechanism of action between the two. Secondly, based on panel data from 12 provinces in the western region spanning from 2010 to 2022, this paper constructs indicator systems for rural credit system construction and rural revitalization, respectively, and employs the entropy weight method to measure comprehensive indicators, thereby studying the impact of rural credit system construction on rural revitalization. The results indicate: 1) The construction of rural credit systems promotes rural revitalization in the western region, and the sub-dimensions of rural credit system construction similarly exhibit varying promotional effects on rural revitalization; 2) When dividing the western region into southwestern and northwestern areas for regional heterogeneity testing, empirical results show that rural credit system construction in the northwestern areas has the greatest promotional effect on rural revitalization; 3) Addressing omitted variable issues and reverse causality problems by utilizing instrumental variables to solve endogeneity issues, it is found that the results are consistent with previous regression results; 4) By selecting rural financial efficiency as an indicator for moderation effect analysis, the results show that rural financial efficiency positively moderates the promotion of rural revitalization by rural credit system construction. Finally, based on the above theoretical and empirical analysis, conclusions are drawn, and reasonable suggestions are proposed in six areas: credit information systems, credit organization systems, credit supervision systems, credit environment systems, credit institutional systems, and improving rural financial efficiency.

Keywords: Rural revitalization; Rural credit system; The western region；Rural finance